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	<title>Comments on: Matt Bucher:  The Anxiety of Influence</title>
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		<title>By: jmb</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-4197</link>
		<dc:creator>jmb</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 20 Sep 2009 01:08:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-4197</guid>
		<description>Re Matt Evans above:
&quot;It’s not like Infinite Jest in any other way resembles Red Dragon.&quot;

Actually, there are at least two other notable similarities. For one, Red Dragon has a character named Randy who is spotted by Will (Red Dragon&#039;s protagonist) as being a knife owner because he has shaved patches on his forearm where he tests the sharpness of his knife&#039;s blade. IJ has, of course, a character also named Randy (Lenz), and there is a passage where Gately spots Lenz as a knife owner for exactly the same reason.

More significantly, I think the entire ending sequence of IJ owes a significant debt structurally to Red Dragon. I summarized that similarity in &lt;a href=&quot;http://gerrycanavan.blogspot.com/2009/09/infinite-jest-10-on-endings.html#275283&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this comment&lt;/a&gt; on another blog.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Re Matt Evans above:<br />
&#8220;It’s not like Infinite Jest in any other way resembles Red Dragon.&#8221;</p>
<p>Actually, there are at least two other notable similarities. For one, Red Dragon has a character named Randy who is spotted by Will (Red Dragon&#8217;s protagonist) as being a knife owner because he has shaved patches on his forearm where he tests the sharpness of his knife&#8217;s blade. IJ has, of course, a character also named Randy (Lenz), and there is a passage where Gately spots Lenz as a knife owner for exactly the same reason.</p>
<p>More significantly, I think the entire ending sequence of IJ owes a significant debt structurally to Red Dragon. I summarized that similarity in <a href="http://gerrycanavan.blogspot.com/2009/09/infinite-jest-10-on-endings.html#275283" rel="nofollow">this comment</a> on another blog.</p>
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		<title>By: Steven</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3321</link>
		<dc:creator>Steven</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2009 03:57:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3321</guid>
		<description>&quot;Infinite Jest&quot; actually represents a fairly common type of postmodern novel centered around a quest for a missing text, and like the cartridge in &quot;Infinite Jest,&quot; the missing text often has the same name as the book the readers is reading. The search is often presented in the form of a mystery or   even a noirish Raymond Chandler-type detective story.

A few examples I can think of offhand (with the missing text in parentheses) are:

&quot;The Shadow of the Wind&quot; by Carlos Ruiz Zafon (The Shadow of the Wind by Julián Carax)

&quot;Snow&quot; by Orhan Pamuk (a volume of poetry called Snow by Ka, the novel&#039;s narrator)

&quot;Cloud Atlas&quot; by David Mitchell (each of the six novellas that make up the book has a missing text that shows up in a subsequent novella but the title is shared with a fictional piece of music called the Cloud Atlas Sextet)

&quot;if on a winter&#039;s night a traveler...&quot; by Italo Calvino (one of Mitchell&#039;s models for Cloud Atlas, it contains many false inner novels, however, the word &quot;traveler&quot; in the title of the fictional inner novel is spelled with two &quot;L&quot;s)

&quot;The Name of the Rose&quot; by Umberto Eco (hate to give it away, but the sought-after text is the lost second book of Aristotle&#039;s Poetics, Aristotle&#039;s treatise on comedy)

&quot;The Intuitionist&quot; by Colson Whitehead (the text is called Theoretical Elevators by James Fulton)

&quot;Mumbo Jumbo&quot; by Ishmael Reed (is a search for the text to Jes Grew. Intentionally paradoxical because Jes Grew represents oral culture)


Some of these books are allegorical, some are more politicized or more satirical than others, but their commonalities may include: genre-crossing, the de-emphasis of distinctions between high and low culture, the relationship between fiction and life etc. But the &quot;quest&quot; or the search for a &quot;text&quot; that they all have in common is a commentary on literature and language itself, a parody of all the assumptions about unity of structure and unity of meaning in earlier literary styles. I have a background in music, not literature, so I&#039;m not going to cite any literary theory that I haven&#039;t thoroughly studied, however, despite the merits of these works, it&#039;s fairly obvious that they&#039;re all using the same template so they&#039;re not all that original.

&quot;The Anxiety of Influence&quot; was Harold Bloom&#039;s theory that literary influence was not straightforward, but rather, Oedipal in nature. Although I can&#039;t say I&#039;ve read Bloom&#039;s book, it recalls the relationship between Richard Wright and  James Baldwin, who, in his first published piece, &quot;Everybody&#039;s Protest Novel,&quot; attacked and completely dissociated himself from his former mentor and ended their friendship. Or Norman Podhoretz in his review of Ralph Ellison&#039;s &quot;Juneteenth,&quot; claiming that Ellison was unable to finish the novel because of Faulkner&#039;s influence over him. Those are what I take to be examples of what Bloom calls the anxiety of influence. I&#039;ll keep my eye open for the book. Thanks.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Infinite Jest&#8221; actually represents a fairly common type of postmodern novel centered around a quest for a missing text, and like the cartridge in &#8220;Infinite Jest,&#8221; the missing text often has the same name as the book the readers is reading. The search is often presented in the form of a mystery or   even a noirish Raymond Chandler-type detective story.</p>
<p>A few examples I can think of offhand (with the missing text in parentheses) are:</p>
<p>&#8220;The Shadow of the Wind&#8221; by Carlos Ruiz Zafon (The Shadow of the Wind by Julián Carax)</p>
<p>&#8220;Snow&#8221; by Orhan Pamuk (a volume of poetry called Snow by Ka, the novel&#8217;s narrator)</p>
<p>&#8220;Cloud Atlas&#8221; by David Mitchell (each of the six novellas that make up the book has a missing text that shows up in a subsequent novella but the title is shared with a fictional piece of music called the Cloud Atlas Sextet)</p>
<p>&#8220;if on a winter&#8217;s night a traveler&#8230;&#8221; by Italo Calvino (one of Mitchell&#8217;s models for Cloud Atlas, it contains many false inner novels, however, the word &#8220;traveler&#8221; in the title of the fictional inner novel is spelled with two &#8220;L&#8221;s)</p>
<p>&#8220;The Name of the Rose&#8221; by Umberto Eco (hate to give it away, but the sought-after text is the lost second book of Aristotle&#8217;s Poetics, Aristotle&#8217;s treatise on comedy)</p>
<p>&#8220;The Intuitionist&#8221; by Colson Whitehead (the text is called Theoretical Elevators by James Fulton)</p>
<p>&#8220;Mumbo Jumbo&#8221; by Ishmael Reed (is a search for the text to Jes Grew. Intentionally paradoxical because Jes Grew represents oral culture)</p>
<p>Some of these books are allegorical, some are more politicized or more satirical than others, but their commonalities may include: genre-crossing, the de-emphasis of distinctions between high and low culture, the relationship between fiction and life etc. But the &#8220;quest&#8221; or the search for a &#8220;text&#8221; that they all have in common is a commentary on literature and language itself, a parody of all the assumptions about unity of structure and unity of meaning in earlier literary styles. I have a background in music, not literature, so I&#8217;m not going to cite any literary theory that I haven&#8217;t thoroughly studied, however, despite the merits of these works, it&#8217;s fairly obvious that they&#8217;re all using the same template so they&#8217;re not all that original.</p>
<p>&#8220;The Anxiety of Influence&#8221; was Harold Bloom&#8217;s theory that literary influence was not straightforward, but rather, Oedipal in nature. Although I can&#8217;t say I&#8217;ve read Bloom&#8217;s book, it recalls the relationship between Richard Wright and  James Baldwin, who, in his first published piece, &#8220;Everybody&#8217;s Protest Novel,&#8221; attacked and completely dissociated himself from his former mentor and ended their friendship. Or Norman Podhoretz in his review of Ralph Ellison&#8217;s &#8220;Juneteenth,&#8221; claiming that Ellison was unable to finish the novel because of Faulkner&#8217;s influence over him. Those are what I take to be examples of what Bloom calls the anxiety of influence. I&#8217;ll keep my eye open for the book. Thanks.</p>
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		<title>By: stephanie</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3201</link>
		<dc:creator>stephanie</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2009 14:13:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3201</guid>
		<description>Check out Lawrence Lessig&#039;s writing for an interesting perspective on copyright and art. He essentially believes that creativity thrives best in an environment where you can build upon other creative works, essentially changing them at their core. I think of plagiarism as a situation where someone passes off someone else&#039;s work as their own. But historically, lots of great art takes someone else&#039;s work and modifies it to serve a different purpose. (Think Sherrie Levine, Richard Prince, the Dadaists, even Picasso.)

I&#039;ve always loved this Jim Jarmusch quote: &quot;Nothing is original. Steal from anywhere that resonates with inspiration or fuels your imagination. Devour old films, new films, music, books, paintings, photographs, poems, dreams, random conversations, architecture, bridges, street signs, trees, clouds, bodies of water, light and shadows. Select only things to steal from that speak directly to your soul. If you do this, your work (and theft) will be authentic. Authenticity is invaluable; originality is nonexistent. And don’t bother concealing your thievery—celebrate it if you feel like it. In any case, always remember what Jean-Luc Godard said: &#039;It’s not where you take things from—it’s where you take them to.&#039;&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Check out Lawrence Lessig&#8217;s writing for an interesting perspective on copyright and art. He essentially believes that creativity thrives best in an environment where you can build upon other creative works, essentially changing them at their core. I think of plagiarism as a situation where someone passes off someone else&#8217;s work as their own. But historically, lots of great art takes someone else&#8217;s work and modifies it to serve a different purpose. (Think Sherrie Levine, Richard Prince, the Dadaists, even Picasso.)</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve always loved this Jim Jarmusch quote: &#8220;Nothing is original. Steal from anywhere that resonates with inspiration or fuels your imagination. Devour old films, new films, music, books, paintings, photographs, poems, dreams, random conversations, architecture, bridges, street signs, trees, clouds, bodies of water, light and shadows. Select only things to steal from that speak directly to your soul. If you do this, your work (and theft) will be authentic. Authenticity is invaluable; originality is nonexistent. And don’t bother concealing your thievery—celebrate it if you feel like it. In any case, always remember what Jean-Luc Godard said: &#8216;It’s not where you take things from—it’s where you take them to.&#8217;&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: Repat</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3171</link>
		<dc:creator>Repat</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2009 17:40:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3171</guid>
		<description>But I don&#039;t think it&#039;s the elephant, because it&#039;s so easy to talk about/and to discover. It brings to mind that great J Lethem article in Harper&#039;s not long ago, re plagiarism (&quot;The Ecstasy of Influence&quot;). 

I once read/heard DFW write/say something like: &quot;Writers are kleptomaniacs with really good taste.&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>But I don&#8217;t think it&#8217;s the elephant, because it&#8217;s so easy to talk about/and to discover. It brings to mind that great J Lethem article in Harper&#8217;s not long ago, re plagiarism (&#8221;The Ecstasy of Influence&#8221;). </p>
<p>I once read/heard DFW write/say something like: &#8220;Writers are kleptomaniacs with really good taste.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: Haze</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3157</link>
		<dc:creator>Haze</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 23:40:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3157</guid>
		<description>thnx Doubtful Geste that Harper&#039;s link is a DFW goldmine!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>thnx Doubtful Geste that Harper&#8217;s link is a DFW goldmine!</p>
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		<title>By: papageno</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3156</link>
		<dc:creator>papageno</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 22:08:08 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Yes, and it seems to be the elephant in the room.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yes, and it seems to be the elephant in the room.</p>
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		<title>By: Matt Evans</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3155</link>
		<dc:creator>Matt Evans</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 22:01:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3155</guid>
		<description>You bring up a really interesting point. How would you say the description compares to, say, sampling of a guitar hook or lyric or some such in a rap song. It&#039;s not like Infinite Jest in any other way resembles Red Dragon. 

But it&#039;s an interesting point, isn&#039;t it? And it hearkens back to the IS discussion from sometime in June about Wallace&#039;s perfectly plagiaristic use of the load of bricks urban legend.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You bring up a really interesting point. How would you say the description compares to, say, sampling of a guitar hook or lyric or some such in a rap song. It&#8217;s not like Infinite Jest in any other way resembles Red Dragon. </p>
<p>But it&#8217;s an interesting point, isn&#8217;t it? And it hearkens back to the IS discussion from sometime in June about Wallace&#8217;s perfectly plagiaristic use of the load of bricks urban legend.</p>
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		<title>By: mattbucher</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3150</link>
		<dc:creator>mattbucher</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 19:21:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3150</guid>
		<description>I think good old neon brought it up because it&#039;s mentioned in my bio. It has nothing to do with Jacobs&#039; dissertation.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think good old neon brought it up because it&#8217;s mentioned in my bio. It has nothing to do with Jacobs&#8217; dissertation.</p>
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		<title>By: Randy</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3148</link>
		<dc:creator>Randy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 17:49:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3148</guid>
		<description>In a very early post this summer, someone posted a link to a Wallace syllabus for a course he was teaching in 2005.  Check it out at this blog: http://alasophia.blogspot.com/2008/09/david-foster-wallaces-syllabus.html

I would think that these are more than just books he thought were fun if he&#039;s using them as teaching tools: &quot;Silence of the Lambs&quot; is a part of this course.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In a very early post this summer, someone posted a link to a Wallace syllabus for a course he was teaching in 2005.  Check it out at this blog: <a href="http://alasophia.blogspot.com/2008/09/david-foster-wallaces-syllabus.html" rel="nofollow">http://alasophia.blogspot.com/2008/09/david-foster-wallaces-syllabus.html</a></p>
<p>I would think that these are more than just books he thought were fun if he&#8217;s using them as teaching tools: &#8220;Silence of the Lambs&#8221; is a part of this course.</p>
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		<title>By: Tim</title>
		<link>http://infinitesummer.org/archives/1540/comment-page-1#comment-3147</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 17:28:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://infinitesummer.org/?p=1540#comment-3147</guid>
		<description>Wow - that paragraph from Red Dragon is pretty darn close to plagiarism isn&#039;t it?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Wow &#8211; that paragraph from Red Dragon is pretty darn close to plagiarism isn&#8217;t it?</p>
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